Genetically Modified (GM) foods were first approved for human consumption in the United States in 1994, and by 2014–15 about 90 percent of the corn, cotton, and soybeans planted in the United States were GM. By the end of 2014, GM crops covered nearly 1.8 million square kilometers (695,000 squa.....
A wetland is a place where the land is covered by water, either salt, fresh, or somewhere in between. Wetlands are areas of marsh or peatland with water that is static or flowing. They are ecosystems whose formation and characteristics are determined by water. They are areas where water covers th.....
Fossil fuel is a fuel formed by natural processes and any of a class of hydrocarbon-containing materials of biological origin occurring within Earth’s crust that can be used as a source of energy. Decomposing plants and other organisms, buried beneath layers of sediment and rock, have taken mil.....
Micromeritics is a field of science that deals with small particles and that is applied especially in soil physics. The term micromeritics was given to the science and technology of small particles by J. M. DallaValle. It is the science and technology of small particles. The word Micromeritics .....
Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, or even in opposition to, external forces like gravity. It helps bring water up into the roots. The effect can be seen in the drawing up of liquids between the hairs of a paint-brush, in a thin tube, [.....
Cell adhesion is the process by which cells interact and attach to neighboring cells through specialized molecules of the cell surface. It is essential in cell communication and regulation and is of fundamental importance in the development and maintenance of tissues. Cell adhesion processes play.....
Reverse Osmosis is how you can get small particles out of the water, even in solution, by forcing it through a filter (a membrane). It is one of the processes that makes desalination (or removing salt from seawater) possible. The particles in the water are left on the other side of the sheet, whi.....
Biomass is a basic term in ecology, and in the energy production industry. In ecology, it refers to the cumulation of living matter. Organic waste such as dead plant and animal material, animal dung and kitchen waste can be converted into a gaseous fuel called biogas. That is, it is the total liv.....
Osmosis is the movement of water or other solvents through a plasma membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration, tending to equalize the concentrations of the solutes. It is the spontaneous passage or diffusion of water or other solvents through a s.....
Tissues form part of an organ in plants or animals. They are groups of cells that have a similar structure and act together to perform a specific function. They are groups of cells that work together to do a job in the body. The term tissue is used to describe a group of cells found together in.....
Anaerobic digestion is the way microorganisms break down organic matter without oxygen. It is a well-established technology for stabilization and conversion of various organic wastes into bioenergy. This process can happen naturally, but it is called anaerobic digestion only if it is supported an.....
Nucleotides are chemical compounds, the building blocks of the nucleic acids RNA and DNA. It is a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. It contains a pentose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, or uracil). It is the ba.....